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If there was no word in the native language to describe a military word, code talkers used descriptive words. Type two code was informal and directly translated from English into the native language.


Messages could be encoded and decoded by using a simple substitution cipher where the ciphertext was the native language word. They used words from their languages for each letter of the English alphabet. Type one codes were formally developed based on the languages of the Comanche, Hopi, Meskwaki, and Navajo peoples. There were two code types used during World War II. The code talkers improved the speed of encryption and decryption of communications in front line operations during World War II. Code talkers transmitted messages over military telephone or radio communications nets using formally or informally developed codes built upon their native languages. In particular, there were approximately 400 to 500 Native Americans in the United States Marine Corps whose primary job was to transmit secret tactical messages. The term is now usually associated with United States service members during the world wars who used their knowledge of Native American languages as a basis to transmit coded messages. Choctaw soldiers in training in World War I for coded radio and telephone transmissionsĪ code talker was a person employed by the military during wartime to use a little-known language as a means of secret communication.
